Improvement in carriages



' 7 Sheets-Sheet l. G. H. & E. MORGAN.

Carriage-Top.

Patented Nov. 6, 1866 -FETERS, PHoTmLlTHOGmPMEa. WASNNGTON, o c.

7-Sheets -S het 2. G. H. & E. MORGAN.

Carriage-Top.

' Patented Nbv. 6, 1866.

Wi wam fa v5 M N. PETERS PHOTD-LITHOGRLPHER, WASHINGTON, n G.

7 Shem-Sheet '3. G. H. 8L E. MORGAN.

Carriage-Top. No. 59,526. {Patented Nov. 6, 1866.

l I I lm'l l i HIIIIIIIHIIHI N. PETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPNER, WASHINGTONI10.

7 Sheets-.-- Sheet. 4,

G. H. 5L E. MORGAN.

Gmrriage-Top.

Patented Nov. V6, 1866.

N. PErERs, PHOTO-LITHOGRAF'HER. WASHINGTON. u c.

7. Sheets-Sheet 5. G. H. 81; E. MORGAN.

Carriage-Top.

No. 59,526 Patented Nov. 6, 1866 NVPETERSI PHQTO-LI'K'HOGRAPHER,WASHINGTON. D C.

. 7 Sheets-Sheet 6. r] G, H. 86 E. MORGAN.

Carriage-Top.

No. 59,526. Patented Nov. '6, 1866.

N. PETERS PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D C.

' 7 Sheets-Sheet 7. Ga H. & E. MORGAN.

Garriage-Top.

No. 59,526. Patented Nov. 6, 1866.

N. PETERS, PMOTO-LITMOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. c C.

UNITED STATES QFFIQEC PATENT G. H. MORGAN AND E. MORGAN, OF EDGEWAREROAD, COUNTY OF MIDDLESEX, ENGLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN CARRIAGES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 59,526, dated November6, 1866,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, GEORGE HENRY Moa GAN and EDWARD MORGAN, both ofEdgeware Road, in the county of Middlesex, England, subjects of theQueen of Great Britain, have invented or discovered new and usefulImprove ments in Carriages; and we, the said GEORGE HENRY MORGAN andEDWARD MORGAN, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention and inwhat manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described andascertained in and by the following statement thereof--that is to say:

The invention has for its object improvements in carriages, and relates,first, to improvements in wagonettes and other vehicles of a similardescription.

Heretofore, when applying covers to wagonettes and vehicles of a similardescription, it has been usual to apply' the covers in such way thatwhen it is desired to open or close the cover of the carriage it hasbeen necessary to act upon such covers by hand at each side of thecarriage. Now this part of our invention consists in the application ofheads or covers to such description of carriages which shall be capableof being raised or lowered simultaneously or held in any position by aperson on the driving-seat or other convenient part of the carriage,according to whether it is desired that the vehicle be used as an openor closed carriage. This part of our invention also relates to the meansemployed for raising and lowering such covers. For this purpose weemploy head-joints of a somewhat similar character to that previouslyemployed for other descriptions of carriages, the upper parts of suchhead-joints being connected to the head of the carriage and the lowerparts thereof be ing connected to the body of the carriage. To the upperlimb of each of the head-joints a projection is fixed, and to theseprojections the hoop-sticks are pin-jointed. To each of thehead-jointsthe upper end of a connecting-rod is pin-jointed, the lowerend of which is also pin-jointed to a bell-crank or plate'lever, whichturns upon a center of motion fixed below the seats of the carriage orin other convenient position.

The two bell-erank'or plate levers on each side of the carriage areconnected together by a link or connecting-rod in such manner that whenmotion is given to one of such levers the other lever may simultaneouslyreceive mo tion. To each of the bell-crank or plate levers at the frontof the carriage an arm from a crossbar is pin-jointed, while other armsfrom this cross-bar are pin-jointed to a nut, to which a to-and-fromotion is given when desired by the revolution of a screw, to the end ofwhich a handle is connected in any convenient manner. This screw isprovided at one end with a collar, which is mounted in a bearing fixedin the driving-boot or below the drivers seat, and at the other end itis formed into a pivot, which works in a step or hearing fixed to thefront pillars, or to any suitable part of the framing; and in order thatmeans may be provided for effectually lubricating the nut and thebearings of the screw, we fix a grease-cup to the nut and another to thestep, while the collar of the screw is held between two plates, and issurrounded with leather or other absorbent material, which may besupplied with grease as desired.

The connecting rods or links connecting the head-joints with thebell-crank or plate levers are made in two parts, on one of which isformed a screw, with which it is connected to the other part of thelever by look-nuts, thereby affording facility for adjustment. We alsoprovide the head or cover with side and end lights or windows, the sidelights being guided in descending, when the head of the carriage isbeing lowered,in suitable guides, while the end lights are receivedintosuitable recesses formed in a similar manner to that adopted for thedoors of other descriptions of carriages. A projecting piece is providedto each of the lower-limbs of the head-joints, in order that when thehead of the carriage is lowered the covering thereof shall be preventedcoming between the levers for raising and lowering the head of thecarriage, and thereby be protected from injury. The head-j oin ts andother parts employed for raising and lowering the head of the carriageare placed between the cover and the lining thereof, and thereby hidfrom view. Suitable stops are provided to prevent over-winding of theparts.

Our invention relates, secondly, to various improvements 011 aninvention for which we are also applying for Letters Patent in theUnited States of America; and consists, first, in an improved mode ofcommunicating motion from the drivers seat to the bell-crank levers forraising and lowering the head of a carriage. For this purpose we employa screw giving motion to a nut thereon, which is pinjointed torodsfixedto a cross-bar, which atits ends is pin-jointed to connecting rodsor links, which are also pin-jointed to the bellcrank levers alreadyreferred to. The screw is supported in bearings in a similar manner tothat described with respect to the first part of our invention, and isprovided with similar means for lubrication. The frame carrying thebearings in which the screw turns is fixed at the upper part to a barunder the drivers seat, and at the lower part to the bottom of thedriving-boot, while a tie-rod is also employed to prevent the top andbottom bearin gs sprin ging apart from each other. This tierodis alsoprovided with a screw for adj ustment, a suitable stop being fixedthereon with capability of ready adjustment.

This part of the invention also relates to improved means of turningover the upper part of the framing over the doors of the carriage. Thisis effected by connecting the head-joints by a link or connecting rodwith a short crank fixed to the upper parts of the framing described.

The invention also relates to forming the links or connecting rods,connected to thehead joints and giving motion thereto and to the upperpart of the frame of a carriage, in two parts, connected together bya'screw and lock-nuts, as previously described in the first part of theinvention.

This part of the invention also relates to improved means of connectingtogether the links on each side of the carriage, so as to form a rigidframe, by which the various parts of the mechanism are controlled towork at the same time. This is efiected by forming a screw on the endsof the cross bars or rods and connecting them to the side links orconnecting-rods by lock-nuts, thereby affording facility for adjustmentto varying widths.

Having thus described the nature of our invention, we will proceed todescribe the drawings annexed.

Figure l is a side view, and Fig. 2 a sectional side view, of awagonette constructed according to the first part of our invention. Fig.3 is an end view of the same, with the head or cover thereof and theparts for giving motion thereto in the position they would assume whenthe carriage was being used as a closed carriage; and Fig. at is an endview thereof, with the parts shown in the position they would assumewhen open.

a a are the two parts of the framing forming the head of the wagonette.These parts are hinged at a to the pillars b of the carriage.

c 0 are the upper limbs of the head-j oints, and c c are the lower limbsthereof. The upper limbs are pin-jointed at c to the parts a of the headof the wagonette, while the lower limbs are pin-jointed at c tostandards d, fixed to the body of the carriage. c are projections fromthe upper limbs, c, to which the hoopsticks e are pin-jointed at e byjointing the hoop-sticks, as shown in the drawings, instead of to theframe of the carriage. They are drawn in when the cover is open to alevel, or nearly so, with the top framing of the head or cover. To theupper limbs are also pin-jointed at f links or connecting-rods f, whichare formed, as shown, in two parts, for facility of adjustment, therebeing a screw-thread, f formed on one part which, by lock-nuts f isconnected to the other part thereof, as shown. The connecting-rods at fare pin-jointed to bellcrank or plate lovers 9 and these bell-crank orplate lovers are fixed with capability of turning on studs or axes 9,while they are connected together by connecting-rods 9 pinjointedthereto at g", as shown.

h h are arms or rods pin-jointed at h to the two front bell-crank orplate levers 9. These bars are rigidly connected to a cross-bar, h,-

having arms h fixed thereto, which are pinjointed at h to the nut t', towhich motion is given by means of a screw, j, as shown. The

nut i is provided with a grease-cup, i, and is limited in its motion inthe one direction by coming against the stop 70, and in the otherdirection by coming against the step or bearing 1. The end 3" of thescrew j is supported in the step orbearing I, while the other end isprovided with a collar, which is held between the frame m and the platem leather or other absorbent material being applied around the collar tofacilitate the greasing of the hearing. The

frame m is fixed at m to the bar at, and at m to the lower part of thedriving-boot 0.

c are projections fixed to the lower limbs of the headjoints, and actingto press the cover of the carriage outward, and prevent injury theretoin the lowering of the head of the carriage. p are side lights, whichare connected to the webbing of the head of a wagonette, and are guidedin their up and down motions in the guides q.

r is a light or window, which, when desired, is dropped into a recessformed for it in the door; and r is another light, which may be droppedinto a suitable recess formed for it in the body of the carriage.

The head-joints and parts connected therewith are placed between thecover and the lining of the carriage and are hid thereby.

Fig. 5 is a sectional side view of a landau, constructed according tothe second part of our invention, and showing the head thereof and theparts for giving motion thereto in the position they would assume whenthe head of the carriage is raised.

Fig. 6 is a sectional side view of a landau, showing the parts in theposition they would assume when the head thereof is lowered.

a a are the two parts of the framing forming the head of the carriage,and a a are the upper parts thereof, which are capable of turning uponjoints at a a 1) b are the upper limbs of the head-joints, and b b arethe lower limbs thereof, separate views of which are shown at Figs. 7and 8. They are pin jointed together at W. The upper limbs are alsopinjointed at b to the part a of the frame, while the lower limbs arepin-jointed at b to standards fixed to the body of the carriage, asshown.

a c are links or connecting-r0ds, which are at their upper end, 0,pin-jointed to the upper limbs b of the head-joints, while at theirlower ends they are pin-jointed to the bell-crank levers d d, which areshaped to the curves required to fit the interior of the carriage. e eare other links, which at c e are connected to lower limbs, 1) N, of theheadjoints, and at c c are connected to the short cranks ff, fixed tothe parts a a of the head of a carriage.

The links 0 c and c c are formed, as shown, in two parts, the one partbeing formed with a screw-thread and connected to the other part bylock-nuts, as previously described with reference to similar linksemployed in the first part of our invention. The bell crank levers d dare pinjointed to connecting-rods g g, which, at their front ends, arepin-jointed to a cross-bar, h, having arms It, pin-jointed to the nutt", as shown. The nut is provided with a grease-cup and receives motionby means of the screw lc, which is provided with a handle, pin-jointedthereto, as shown. The upper end of the screw is provided with a collar,which is held in position between the frame I and plate 1., leather orother absorbent material being placed around the collar, while the lowerend thereof is formed into a pivot and turns in a step or bearing, 1formed on the frame 1. The frame Z is fixed at the upper part, as shown,to the under side of the drivers seat, and at the lower part to thebottom of the drivingboot, while the two bearings for the screw is areheld firmly together by the tie-bar P, as shown. 1 is a stop to limitthe amount of motion given to the nut i in the one direction, and thestep or hearing Z forms a stop to limit the amount of motion giventhereto in the contrary direction. The tie-bar l is fixed at the lowerend to the frame Z by a bolt and nut, and at the upper end it isprovided with a screw-thread and lock-nuts, by which it is fixed at thatpart and ready means of adjustment are afforded.

The connecting-rods g g are connected together transversely by rods orbars g g which at each end are provided with screw-threads, and arefixed to the connecting-rods g g by lock-nuts g 9 as shown more clearlyby Fig. 9, which is a plan of some of the parts separately. By thesemeans facility is afforded for ready adjustment to varying widths.

Having thus described the nature of the invention and the manner ofperforming the same, we would have it understood that we do not confineourselves to the precise details herein shown and described; but

What we do claim isl. The application of a head or cover to a wagonette,or other similar vehicle, capable of being raised or lowered as desired,substantially as herein shown and described.

2. The application to wagonettes or other similar carriages of means orapparatus for raising and lowering the head or cover thereof, whichapparatus is capable of being put in motion from the drivers seat orother suitable part of the carriage, substantially as herein shown anddescribed.

3. The mode of applying the mechanism for raising and lowering the headsor covers of wagonettes and other similar vehicles between the cover andthe lining of the carriage, substantially as herein shown and described.

4. The mode of applying side lights 19 to the heads or covers ofwagonettes constructed according to our invention, in such manner thatthey shall be capable of rising and falling with the heads or coversthereof, and be guided in their motion in suitable guides, substantiallyas herein shown and described.

And in respect to the second part of our invention, we claim the mode ofgiving motion to the upper parts, a c of the heads or covers of landausand other similar carriages, substantially as herein shown anddescribed.

6. The mode of constructing the connectingrods 0 c and c 6, when appliedto landaus or other carriages, in two parts, connected together so as toafford facility for adjustment, substantially as herein shown anddescribed.

7. The mode of connecting together the conmeeting-rods g 9, so as toform a rigid frame, by means of rods or bars provided with screws attheir ends and fixed to the connecting-rods by lock-nuts, substantiallyas and for the purpose herein shown and described.

8. The mode of supporting and working the screw by which motion is givento the apparatus for raising and lowering the heads of carriages,substantially as herein shown and described.

9. The mode of communicating motion from the screw 70 to theconnecting-rods g g, and of limiting the amount of motion in eitherdirection of the nut t, substantially as herein shown and described.

GEORGE HENRY MORGAN. EDWARD MORGAN.

Witnesses FREDK. HARRIS, BENJA. J. B. MILLs.

